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Amsco Cipher

Encode and decode using the Amsco cipher - alternating single/double letter columnar transposition.

Determines column order

Puzzle Tips

  • • The keyword determines how columns are read
  • • Characters alternate in 1-2 pattern across the grid
  • • Look for hints about grid dimensions or keywords
  • • Variant: some versions start with double letters

What is the Amsco Cipher?

The Amsco cipher is a transposition cipher that combines irregular columnar transposition with a unique feature: cells alternately contain one or two characters.

How It Works

Encoding Process

  1. Write the keyword across the top of the grid
  2. Fill the grid alternating between 1 and 2 character cells
  3. Number the columns alphabetically by the keyword
  4. Read the columns in numerical order

Example

With keyword "CAT" and plaintext "ATTACKATDAWN":

C  A  T  (becomes 2, 1, 3) AT T  AC K  AT KA TDA W  N

Read columns in order 1,2,3: TATW + ATKDA + ACKAN

Amsco in Geocaching

This cipher is used in puzzles because:

  • Harder than basic columnar: The alternating pattern adds complexity
  • Keyword hints: The keyword can be themed to the cache
  • Visual puzzles: Grid-based ciphers make good physical puzzles

Solving Tips

  • The keyword length divides evenly into blocks of output
  • Try common keywords related to the puzzle theme
  • Use frequency analysis if the message is long enough
  • Check both 1-2 and 2-1 starting patterns